quarta-feira, novembro 10, 2004

Liberal - "To be or not to be: that is the question."

Durante a campanha para as presidenciais europeias, uma maneira que Bush utilizou para (des)qualificar Kerry foi chamar-lhe liberal.
Na Europa e nos EUA esta qualificação pressupõe visões bem distintas. Entre outras caracteríticas, nos EUA qualifica os democratas mais à esquerda, adeptos do "social welfare", do aumento de impostos como meio de repartição da riqueza; na Europa, qualifica exactamente o contrário - menos governo e regulação da sociedade, menos impostos mais mercado (e a continua cruzada contra o estado-providência). No entanto, em ambos os casos, identificar alguém como sendo um liberal, tem como objectivo demonstrar que é um perigoso radical, pronto a destruir a sociedade tal como está localmente construida.

Num trabalho de reafirmação dos seus valores, depois de ter apoiado Kerry contra todos os seus instintos e crenças dos seus fundadores (e, a meu ver, contra os seus próprios argumentos), a The Economist apresenta um editorial sobre a importância de clarificar o uso do termo. Eis alguns excertos (conteúdo premium, sem link):

The idea, with its roots in English and Scottish political philosophy of the 18th century, speaks up for individual rights and freedoms, and challenges over-mighty government and other forms of power. In that sense, traditional English liberalism favoured small government—but, crucially, it viewed a government's efforts to legislate religion and personal morality as sceptically as it regarded the attempt to regulate trade (the favoured economic intervention of the age). This, in our view, remains a very appealing, as well as internally consistent, kind of scepticism.

Sadly, modern politics has divorced the two strands, with the left emphasising individual rights in social and civil matters but not in economic life, and the right saying the converse. That separation explains how it can be that the same term is now used in different places to say opposite things. What is harder to explain is why “liberal” has become such a term of abuse. When you understand that the tradition it springs from has changed the world so much for the better in the past two and a half centuries, you might have expected all sides to be claiming the label for their own exclusive use.

Better to hand “liberal” back to its original owner. For the use of the right, we therefore recommend the following insults: leftist, statist, collectivist, socialist. For the use of the left: conservative, neoconservative, far-right extremist and apologist for capitalism. That will free “liberal” to be used exclusively from now on in its proper sense, as we shall continue to use it regardless. All we need now is the political party. (Meu realce.)


Ora aqui está uma boa ideia. E parece que a sua aplicação já obteve resultados!